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El Salvador fails to protect children from gang violence-rights group - IceWizard - 07-30-2015
Thu Jul 30, 2015 2:18pm EDT
By Anastasia Moloney
BOGOTA (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Tens of thousands of children in El Salvador flee their homes each year to escape gang violence, and the government is "either unwilling or unable" to protect them from persecution, a U.S.-based advocacy group said on Thursday.
Refugees International said El Salvador had not publicly acknowledged the leading role gangs played in driving families from their homes to seek refuge in other parts of the Central American nation or in the United States.
The country is racked by drug-fueled gang
violence, with entire city neighborhoods
controlled by powerful street gangs, known as
maras.
"Although this violence is causing people to flee, the government prefers to say that most
Salvadorans who leave the country are doing so for economic reasons, or to be reunited with family," RI said in its report.
Tania Camila Rosa, head of human rights at the foreign affairs ministry, told the Thomson
Reuters Foundation last year "The fundamental reason for 12 to 18-year-olds migrating north to the U.S. is reunification ... with their relatives."
But El Salvador recorded 594 murders in May
alone, believed to be the deadliest month since
the country's civil war ended in 1992.
The letters "MS" of the Mara Salvatrucha, and
graffiti of rival gang Barrio 18, are scrawled on
buildings, marking gang territory. The gangs
impose control through extortion, sexual
violence, threats, killings and forced recruitment of children.
Gangs have at times picked out a home or an
apartment building because of its strategic
location in a drug turf war. "Once ordered out, residents have no alternative but to leave," the report said.
With few safe houses for people forced from
their homes by gangs, some families end up
hiding for months on end, moving from place to place.
"We need shelters for families. One of the
biggest issues is the lack of safe spaces for
families," one unnamed government employee is quoted as saying in the report.
One family with 10 children spent four months
hiding from gangs, including three weeks in the home of relatives in another province, three days in a church, one night in a motel, 12 days outdoors, and one month in a safe house run by a charity, the report said.
"There is so much focus on the criminals to get
them into prison, but no attention is paid to the victims," the report quotes another government official as saying.
The flow of children from El Salvador to the
United States is such that last year more than
32,000 Salvadoran children traveling alone
reached the U.S. border, the report said.
"While the numbers have dropped this year, it is not because fewer children are fleeing El
Salvador but because more deportations are
occurring in Mexico.
For the first time, Mexico is now recording more deportations of Salvadorans than the U.S.," the report said.
As Mexican authorities beef up security and
police patrols at the porous border with the
United States, children trying to cross Mexico
are now more likely to be stopped at that border. In the first two months of this year, Mexico deported over 25,000 children traveling alone.
"It's critical that regional countries keep their
borders open to those seeking protection,"
Sarnata Reynolds, the report's author and RI
senior adviser on human rights, said in a
statement. "Those who flee have a right to request and receive protection when they have fled a credible risk of torture or persecution."
(Reporting By Anastasia Moloney, Editing by Tim Pearce. Please credit the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters, that covers humanitarian news, women's rights, trafficking, corruption and climate change. Visit www.trust.org)